Losses In Pipe Elements

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Losses In Pipe Elements Specification

Voltage
230 V

Capacity
One Experimental Setup

Automation Grade
Manual

Power Source
Electric Supply

Feature
Highly Efficient

Measurement Range
0-50 lpm

Core Components
Horizontal Base Frame, Stainless Steel Pipe, Flow Control Valve, Pressure Tapping Points, Collecting Tank

Frequency
50 Hz

Accuracy
100 %

Model No
FM-LP-01

Temperature Range
Ambient

Equipment Materials
Powder Coated Iron Frame with MS and Stainless Steel Pipework

Type
Fluid Mechanics Lab Equipment

Usage
Laboratory

Display Type
Analog Gauges

Dimension (L*W*H)
1150 mm x 400 mm x 1100 mm

Weight
Approx. 65 Kg

About Losses In Pipe Elements

LOSSES IN PIPE ELEMENTS

In pipes through which water flows, the pipe friction and various deflections cause pressure losses that manifest themselves as pressure losses. Allows the investigation by experimentation of pressure losses in pipes and different pipe elements.

The trainer includes ten pipe sections with different pipe elements. Four of the pipe sections are straight and designed with a constant cross-sectional area; they differ from each other in material and crosssection. One of the pipe sections includes three different types of flow diversion: pipe bend, pipe angle and segment bend. Two other pipe sections include various shut-off valves and fittings with different resistances. The opening characteristics of the valves and fittings are determined in the experiment. Two other pipe sections contain gradual and sudden contractions and enlargements. The last pipe section is designed as a parallel, dual line.

A water supply and drain are required for operation. If the trainer is to be operated as a closed circuit without connection to the mains water network, this can be done with the optional unit.

The pressure measuring points in the pipe system are designed as annular chambers and are located directly upstream and downstream of the pipe elements, ensuring a precise pressure measurement. The sensors are connected in pairs to a differential pressure meter, a manometer panel or twin tube manometers where the respective differential pressure can be read. The flow is displayed on a rotameter.

The well-structured instructional material sets out the fundamentals and provides a step-by-step guide through the experiments.

Learning Objectives / Experiments

Different methods of differential pressure measurements
Influence of pipe diameters, different materials and surface roughness
Effect of the flow velocity
Pressure loss in pipe bends, pipe angles and segment bends
Pressure losses in cross-section changes
Determination of resistance coefficients
Valve characteristics of various valves and fittings
Comparison between experiment and calculation

Specification:

Investigation of the pressure losses in pipe elements
Ten different pipe sections
Measurement of pressure losses in valves, changes in pipe direction, straight pipes, contraction/enlargement or parallel lines
Selection of pipe sections via hose connections with quick-release coupling
Operation via mains water network or in a closed circuit with plastic tank with submersible pump
Flow measurement with rotameter
Pressure sensor in annular chambers
Differential pressure measurement with differential pressure meter or twin tube manometers or 6 tube manometers

Technical Data:

Pipe sections, length: 1000mm
Straight, Cu, diameter: 18x1mm,
Straight, galvanised steel, diameter: ½"
Straight, PVC, diameter: 20x1,5mm,
Straight, PVC, diameter: 32x1,5mm
Section with segment bend, pipe angle, pipe bend
Gradual/sudden enlargement in diameter: from 20 to 32mm
Gradual/sudden contraction in diameter: from 32 to 20mm
Dual line, PVC, diameter: 20x1,5mm

Measuring ranges:

Flow rate: 0...1600L/h

Differential pressure:

Differential pressure meter: 0...2000mbar
Twin tube manometer: 1000mmWC
6 tube manometers: 340mmWC

Dimensions and Weight:

LxWxH: 2350x810x1900mm
Weight: approx. 132kg

Study of Hydraulic Losses in Laboratory Conditions

The FM-LP-01 provides students and researchers with a robust platform to explore viscous and turbulent flow losses in pipes. Through various pipe elementssudden expansions, contractions, bends, and fittingsa comprehensive understanding of pressure dynamics is achieved. All data is monitored via precision analog gauges and water manometers, allowing high accuracy in results.

Superior Build and User Safety

This equipment boasts an epoxy powder-painted finish and a sturdy horizontal base frame for stability. Stainless steel and mild steel construction enhance its longevity, while integrated earthing and overload protection ensure safe operation throughout all experiments. The apparatus is designed for both table and floor placement, accommodating lab space limitations.

Easy Operation and Maintenance

Thanks to its manual, user-friendly design and included operation manual, the experiment setup can be quickly assembled and maintained by educators and students alike. With a single-phase 230 V power supply and water as the recommended fluid, the system is convenient for everyday laboratory use and simple to clean and store after sessions.

FAQs of Losses In Pipe Elements:

Q: How does the Losses in Pipe Elements setup help in studying fluid mechanics?

A: This experimental apparatus enables users to observe and quantify pressure losses as water flows through different pipe elements like expansions, contractions, bends, elbows, and fittings. By measuring pressure differentials using water manometers on both 19 mm and 25 mm pipes, students gain practical insights into hydraulic behavior.

Q: What is the installation process for this equipment?

A: The FM-LP-01 can be installed on a table or placed directly on the floor due to its stable base frame. It requires a standard 230 V electric supply, simple connection of water flow lines with brass couplings, and basic earthing for protection as detailed in the included operation manual.

Q: When should this experimental setup be used in a laboratory curriculum?

A: This equipment is best utilized in undergraduate and postgraduate fluid mechanics courses or laboratory sessions focused on pipe flow, hydraulic losses, or pump performance analysis. It helps translate theoretical principles into hands-on experimentation.

Q: Where can the Losses in Pipe Elements apparatus be used effectively?

A: Ideal for use in engineering college labs, research facilities, and technical training centers, the compact design and mobility allow it to fit easily into most laboratory environments without permanent installation.

Q: What core components are included with the device?

A: Key components consist of a horizontal base frame, high-efficiency centrifugal water pump, stainless steel and mild steel pipes, collecting tank made of stainless steel, brass couplings, pressure tapping points, flow control valve, analog gauges, and safety features including earthing and overload protection.

Q: How do users benefit from employing this product in their experiments?

A: The apparatus not only ensures precision (100% accuracy) and operational safety but also provides an intuitive, hands-on experience for understanding complex hydraulic concepts. Its robust construction and ease of use maximize learning outcomes with minimal downtime.

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